Within the transgender community, navigating language can be just as important as navigating identity. Terms like “transgender” and “transsexual” are often used interchangeably, but there are subtle differences and a shift in preferred usage. This article explores the definitions of both terms, their historical contexts, and why “transgender” has become the more inclusive and respectful umbrella term.
What Does “Transgender” Mean?
“Transgender” describes an individual whose gender identity differs from the sex they were assigned at birth. Gender identity refers to a person’s internal sense of being male, female, or something else entirely, independent of physical anatomy or sex assigned at birth.
The transgender umbrella encompasses a wide spectrum of experiences. Some transgender individuals may identify strongly with the binary (male or female) opposite their assigned sex, while others may identify as non-binary, genderfluid, or agender.
When discussing or addressing transgender individuals, the terminology used is crucial for respect and correctness. As of 2018, in both the UK and the US, the term “transgender” is widely acknowledged and appropriate. This term refers to people whose gender identity differs from the sex they were assigned at birth. This could mean someone identified as male or female at birth may identify as the opposite gender, no gender (agender), both genders (bigender or genderfluid), or fall somewhere along a diverse spectrum (such as genderqueer or pangender).
It’s important to note that “transgender” should be used as an adjective, not as a noun. Therefore, the correct usage would be “a transgender person,” not “a transgender.” This usage respects the identity and humanity of the individual, emphasizing them as a person rather than solely focusing on their gender identity.
What Does “Transsexual” Mean?
“Transsexual” is a term that has been used historically to describe someone who identifies with a gender different from their assigned sex and may seek medical interventions, such as hormone therapy or surgery, to align their physical body with their gender identity.
What’s the Difference?
The key distinction lies in scope. “Transgender” is the broader term, encompassing all individuals whose gender identity differs from their assigned sex, regardless of their desire or completion of medical transition.
“Transsexual” is a more specific term that falls under the transgender umbrella and refers specifically to those who seek medical interventions.
Why the Shift in Usage?
Although “transsexual” was once a commonly used term in the medical and psychological communities, “transgender” is gradually replacing it for a number of reasons, including:
- Focus on Identity, Not Medicalization: “Transgender” emphasizes a person’s internal sense of self, decoupling gender identity from medical procedures. Being transgender is not defined by medical intervention.
- Inclusivity: The transgender spectrum includes individuals who may not desire or be able to access medical transition. “Transgender” is more inclusive of these experiences.
- Historical Context: “Transsexual” has roots in a medicalized view of gender. “Transgender” reflects a more social and personal understanding of gender identity.
Respecting Individual Preferences
It’s important to note that some transgender individuals may still identify with the term “transsexual.” The most respectful approach is to use the term the person prefers. If you’re unsure, it’s always okay to ask politely.
Also, the term “cross-dresser” is currently the preferred and more accepted term for individuals who wear clothing and adopt the style typical of a gender different from the one assigned to them at birth. Historically, such behavior was labeled as ‘transvestism’ and viewed negatively as a medical disorder. However, perceptions have evolved, and “cross-dresser” is now used to describe individuals who engage in this activity without the negative connotations previously associated with the older term.
Understanding Language Sensitivity in Reference to Trans Individuals
When discussing the appropriateness of certain terms when referring to transgender individuals, it’s crucial to approach the topic with respect and understanding of the language’s impact. The terms “tranny” or “trannie” are considered highly offensive and derogatory by many within the transgender community and should not be used. These terms have historically been used to demean and belittle transgender people, which is why their use is discouraged in any respectful dialogue.
Why Avoid These Terms?
- Respect and Dignity: Every individual deserves to be addressed in a manner that respects their identity and dignity. Using terms that have been used derogatorily contradicts this basic respect.
- Context Doesn’t Justify Use: Even if it seems like these terms are being casually used within certain groups, it is not an endorsement of their appropriateness. It’s better to err on the side of caution and respect by choosing more accepted terminology.
- Promoting Positive Interaction: By avoiding derogatory language, conversations can remain focused on constructive and inclusive dialogue, rather than potentially causing harm or discomfort.
What to Use Instead
When referring to someone who is transgender, the best practice is simply to use their chosen name and pronouns. If it’s necessary to discuss their transgender identity, terms like “transgender person” are considered appropriate and respectful. Always aim to communicate in a way that acknowledges and respects an individual’s identity and experiences.
In summary, always opt for language that is inclusive and respectful. Avoid outdated and offensive terms, and when in doubt, listen to how individuals refer to themselves and follow their lead. This approach not only facilitates better communication but also fosters a more inclusive and understanding society.
Beyond the Binary
Both “transgender” and “transsexual” historically focused on a binary understanding of gender (male or female). However, the transgender community includes non-binary identities that don’t fit neatly into these categories. It’s important to be mindful of this when using gendered language and pronouns.
Understanding the Term “Cisgender” and Its Relation to Gender Identity
The term “cisgender” refers to an individual whose gender identity aligns with the sex assigned to them at birth. In clearer terms, if someone is born with male anatomical characteristics and identifies as a man, that individual is cisgender. This is also true for those born with female anatomical features who identify as women.
- Consistency Between Birth Sex and Gender Identity: The critical aspect of being cisgender is the agreement between a person’s self-perceived gender and the gender designation given at birth.
- Commonality: It is the most common type of gender identity alignment, where the personal sense of gender matches societal expectations based on physical sex characteristics.
Understanding cisgender helps in recognizing the natural diversity in human gender identities and enhances the dialogue surrounding transgender issues, where such alignment does not exist. This distinction is crucial in fostering a more inclusive society where every identity is respected and validated.
Moving Forward with Respect
Language is constantly evolving, and the language used within the transgender community is no exception. By understanding the nuances of transgender vs. transsexual and respecting individual preferences, we can foster a more inclusive and supportive environment for everyone.
Additional Considerations
- Coming Out: Coming out as transgender is a personal journey, and not everyone feels comfortable using any specific label. Respect individual choices.
- Focus on the Person: While terminology is important, remember that the person themselves is most important.
- Stay Informed: Language around gender identity continues to evolve. Stay updated on current terminology by following reputable LGBTQ+ resources.
Resources
- National Center for Transgender Equality: https://transequality.org/
- GLAAD Media Reference Guide: Transgender: https://glaad.org/transgender/
- The Trevor Project: https://www.thetrevorproject.org/
- Transvitae Resources: https://transvitae.com/category/resources/
The Bottom Line
Understanding the evolving nature of language around gender identity allows us to create a more inclusive and respectful world for transgender individuals, their families, and allies. By using terminology thoughtfully and respecting individual preferences, we can foster a more supportive and affirming environment for everyone on their gender journey.
